PROJECT DETAILS
Sangath
Thaltej Road, Ahmedabad 380 054 Click the photograph to view LARGE
Client, Balkrishna Doshi
Principal Architect , Balkrishna Doshi , M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla
Project Assistants , J.Joshipura, S. Patankar, H.M. Siddhpura
Project Engineer , B.S. Jethwa, Y. Patel
Structural Engineer, G.A.Tambe
Site Area, 2346 m2
Total Built-up Area, 585 m2
Project Cost , Rs. 0.6 Million ( 1981 )
This complex was intended to encourage activities in the areas of fine and technological arts related to architecture, planning and crafts. Spaces were needed for long and short terms workshops and seminars, and to accommodate a professional architectural firm and an office for the Vastu – Shilpa Foundation.
In the initial stages of planning a flow pattern of activities and their volumetric space requirements were determined. This generated the spatial as well as the structural dimensions of the complex. To control interior heat conditions in the hot, dry climate of Ahmedabad and various energy-efficient designs primarily based on passive response were evaluated. The sum total of these rational needs was then studies volumetrically, and the building – site relationship was established. However, at a sensuous level it was felt essential that form, light, and space should be integrated. And so a design combining functional, climatic and technological considerations was evolved and a model prepared. Somehow, though, the resulting model did not express the vitality of the activities planned for the complex; it seemed capable of allowing only the measurable functions.
In order to create a builtform to match the dynamic concept of “Sangath” (in the vernacular it stands for moving together to a goal), it appeared that equally dynamic articulating methods had to be discovered, to give another dimension to the traditional spaces and to continuously generate experiences of the unexpected and the ambiguous. One way of doing this was to incorporate into the built – form a series of contrasts such as spaces pushing below ground and surging above ground, or high spaces which are flooded with light and low spaces which are dimly lit.
Such articulated spaces with particular structural systems also make the built – form specific in some regards. For example, the entire building has three different, closely, interlinked structural systems. One comprises load – bearing walls combined with post and beam structure to carry heavier loads. Each systems has been optimally used to create the variety of spaces described earlier.
Likewise, three means of allowing light into the interior were devised : one through normal windows punctured in the wall, another through a skylight, the third through direct penetration from the flat roof through the glass brick.
All these articulating methods still remained architectural and only marginally further from the physical : they fell short of touching the psyche. To create the desired holistic experience, the next step was to build surprises in a certain rhythm, i.e., sequence. The long double structured unexpected unassigned spaces heighten and accentuate the experience of surprise, the unexpected. If a building stretches, is cut into many parts, it is seen as fragments, direct confrontation with it is replaced by a sense of gradual transformation that diverts the mind.
Finally, to bring the individual into focus, it was decided to underplay the overall scales of the builtform. This has been achieved through a practice that is rather unusual in the contemporary context, but has been widely used in traditional temple architecture, relating to the treatment of the plinth. The articulation of interior spaces as described earlier led to sinking certain areas and elevating others. By articulating the plinth in several ways one notices while approaching that the building has mitigated the external massing of building. The approach walkway gradually becomes steps for gathering and through a series of platforms culminates at the terrace where the upper level entrance is situated. Tying the low base and the high roof vaults evokes in an Indian mind a sense of seeing the proportions of the deity's face with the crown and the tall shikhara of a temple with its low base. The sunken floor level at the lower entrance summons the experience of entering the ancient caves. The articulated edges of the vaults and other surfaces accessible from the low terraces generate a firm relationship with the ground like that found in a Buddhist stupa.
The ambiguous, open – ended character of the built – form starts to reveal itself right at the entrance, which makes one wonder about where to move and how to reach the sanctum. In achieving a destination, there are many ways to go. You can find your own space, in your own time, through your own movement. And the space has to be something beyond just a structure : it has to be like a book, to reach different people and give them the kind of information they need at certain points of time and space. Sangath has two entrances, one at level + 1.8 m and the other at – 1.m. Both finally reach the same place, but through different paths.
Many visitors, learned or otherwise, architects and laymen, have felt unusual experience at Sangath, and since one is touched at some centre of his being, I feel that I have activated the psychic aspect of the relationship between architecture and community.
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- BALKRISHNA DOSHI
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